Author Guidelines

Author Guidelines

The Indonesian Court and Justice Review (ICJR) welcomes original scholarly manuscripts that contribute to the study of courts, judicial institutions, justice systems, legal institutions, and adjudicative practices in Indonesia and comparative jurisdictions.

Authors are expected to ensure that manuscripts comply with the journal's academic, ethical, technical, and editorial requirements before submission.

Submission of a manuscript to ICJR constitutes the author's confirmation that the manuscript complies with the journal's policies concerning originality, authorship, publication ethics, conflicts of interest, research integrity, and copyright.

1. Scope of Submissions

ICJR primarily considers the following types of manuscripts:

  1. Research Articles

  2. Review Articles

  3. Case and Judicial Decision Analyses

  4. Legal and Judicial Commentaries

  5. Book Reviews

  6. Editorials

  7. Special Issue Articles

Research Articles, Review Articles, and substantive Case and Judicial Decision Analyses are normally subject to the journal's double-blind peer review process.

Authors should ensure that submitted manuscripts have a clear connection to the journal's Focus and Scope.

2. Originality and Exclusivity

Manuscripts submitted to ICJR must be original and must not have been previously published in substantially similar form.

A manuscript must not be simultaneously submitted to another journal while it is under consideration by ICJR.

Authors must disclose any substantial overlap between the submitted manuscript and previously published, accepted, or publicly available work.

The journal does not accept plagiarism, duplicate publication, redundant publication, fabricated evidence, falsified information, or other forms of academic misconduct.

3. Language

Manuscripts should be written in English.

Authors are responsible for ensuring that manuscripts are written in clear, coherent, and academically appropriate English.

Authors who are not native English speakers are encouraged to have their manuscripts professionally edited or reviewed for language quality before submission.

Language editing does not influence the editorial decision and does not guarantee acceptance.

4. Manuscript Length

The recommended length for Research Articles is approximately:

6,000–10,000 words, including footnotes but excluding the reference list, where applicable.

Review Articles may generally range from:

5,000–9,000 words.

Case and Judicial Decision Analyses may generally range from:

4,000–8,000 words.

Commentaries and Book Reviews may be shorter, depending on their purpose and scholarly contribution.

The Editorial Board may consider manuscripts outside these ranges where the length is justified by the research and scholarly contribution.

5. Manuscript Structure

Research Articles should normally contain the following elements:

5.1 Title

The title should be concise, specific, informative, and accurately reflect the principal subject of the manuscript.

Authors should avoid unnecessary abbreviations, excessive punctuation, and overly broad titles.

5.2 Author Information

The title page should include:

  • full name of each author;

  • institutional affiliation;

  • department or faculty where applicable;

  • country;

  • institutional or professional email address; and

  • ORCID iD, where available.

For double-blind peer review, identifying author information should not appear in the anonymized manuscript.

5.3 Abstract

The abstract should normally contain approximately 200–250 words.

The abstract should clearly communicate:

  • the research background or problem;

  • objective or research question;

  • methodology or analytical approach;

  • principal findings or argument; and

  • contribution or conclusion.

The abstract should be understandable independently of the main article.

5.4 Keywords

Authors should provide 4–6 keywords that accurately represent the main concepts, legal issues, institutions, jurisdictions, or themes discussed in the article.

Keywords should avoid unnecessary duplication of words already contained in the title.

5.5 Introduction

The Introduction should establish:

  • the background and significance of the research;

  • the research problem or question;

  • the relevant scholarly debate;

  • the research gap;

  • the objective of the research; and

  • the principal contribution of the article.

The Introduction should demonstrate why the research is relevant to contemporary scholarship on courts, justice, law, or judicial institutions.

5.6 Literature Review and Theoretical Framework

Where appropriate, manuscripts should engage critically with relevant literature and establish an appropriate theoretical or conceptual framework.

The literature review should not merely summarize previous publications. It should identify relevant scholarly debates, gaps, disagreements, and developments that establish the contribution of the present research.

The theoretical framework should be appropriate to the research question and consistently applied throughout the analysis.

5.7 Research Methodology

Authors must clearly explain the methodology used in the research.

Depending on the nature of the study, this may include:

  • doctrinal or normative legal research;

  • statutory or regulatory analysis;

  • case-law analysis;

  • comparative legal research;

  • socio-legal research;

  • empirical qualitative research;

  • quantitative research;

  • mixed-method research;

  • systematic literature review; or

  • other appropriate methodological approaches.

The methodology section should provide sufficient information concerning the sources, materials, data, analytical framework, and research procedures used.

5.8 Results and Analysis

The analysis should directly address the research question or problem.

Authors should present a coherent, critical, and evidence-based argument rather than merely describing legislation, judicial decisions, institutional practices, or previous scholarship.

Where judicial decisions are analyzed, authors should clearly distinguish between:

  • the facts of the case;

  • legal issues;

  • applicable law;

  • judicial reasoning;

  • holding or decision; and

  • the author's critical analysis.

5.9 Discussion

Where appropriate, the Discussion should situate the findings within existing scholarly debates and explain their broader theoretical, legal, institutional, comparative, or policy implications.

Authors are encouraged to demonstrate how their findings contribute to or challenge existing scholarship.

5.10 Conclusion

The Conclusion should directly answer the research question and summarize the principal contribution of the article.

It should not simply repeat the Introduction or provide claims that are not supported by the analysis.

Where appropriate, authors may identify implications, limitations, or directions for future research.

6. Legal and Judicial Citations

Because ICJR is a journal specializing in courts and justice, authors must ensure that legal authorities are cited accurately and consistently.

Authors should provide sufficient information to enable readers to identify and verify:

  • legislation;

  • regulations;

  • constitutional provisions;

  • judicial decisions;

  • court names;

  • case numbers;

  • dates of decisions;

  • legal doctrines;

  • official reports; and

  • other primary legal sources.

When analyzing judicial decisions, authors should cite the original or authoritative source wherever reasonably available.

Authors are responsible for verifying all citations to judicial decisions and legal authorities before submission.

7. Citation and Referencing Style

ICJR uses a consistent footnote-based legal citation system.

Authors should ensure consistency in:

  • case citations;

  • legislation;

  • books;

  • journal articles;

  • book chapters;

  • websites;

  • reports;

  • datasets; and

  • other sources.

Authors are strongly encouraged to use reference-management software such as Zotero, Mendeley, or equivalent tools to maintain consistency.

Where appropriate, authors should provide DOI information for scholarly publications.

8. Use of Primary and Scholarly Sources

Authors are encouraged to engage with authoritative primary and secondary sources.

Depending on the subject, relevant sources may include:

  • judicial decisions;

  • statutes and regulations;

  • constitutional documents;

  • official government publications;

  • court records;

  • empirical data;

  • peer-reviewed journal articles;

  • academic books;

  • reputable institutional reports; and

  • relevant international legal instruments.

Authors should avoid excessive reliance on non-scholarly websites, anonymous sources, unsupported online commentary, or sources that cannot be independently verified.

9. Tables, Figures, and Other Materials

Tables and figures should be used only where they contribute meaningfully to the presentation or analysis.

Each table or figure should have:

  • a clear number;

  • an informative title;

  • an appropriate source where applicable; and

  • sufficient explanation in the manuscript.

Authors are responsible for obtaining permission to reproduce copyrighted material where permission is required.

10. Research Ethics

Where research involves human participants, interviews, surveys, personal data, confidential information, or other ethically sensitive materials, authors must comply with applicable ethical, legal, and institutional requirements.

Where required, authors should obtain appropriate ethical approval before conducting the research.

Authors must protect participant privacy and confidentiality and obtain informed consent where applicable.

11. Data and Research Materials

Authors should provide sufficient methodological and evidentiary information to enable readers to understand and assess the research.

Where research data or supporting materials can ethically and legally be shared, authors are encouraged to make them available through appropriate repositories.

Confidential court records, personal information, privileged materials, or legally protected data must not be disclosed without an appropriate legal or ethical basis.

12. Authorship

Authorship must reflect substantive intellectual contributions to the manuscript.

All authors should:

  • make a substantive contribution to the research;

  • participate in drafting or critically revising the manuscript;

  • approve the final version; and

  • accept responsibility for the integrity of the work.

Honorary, guest, gift, and ghost authorship are not permitted.

The corresponding author is responsible for coordinating communication with the journal and confirming that all authors have approved the submission.

13. ORCID

Authors are encouraged to provide an ORCID iD to ensure accurate attribution of scholarly work and to improve interoperability between the journal and scholarly databases.

Each author should provide their own ORCID iD rather than using an ORCID belonging to another individual.

14. Conflict of Interest

Authors must disclose any actual, potential, or perceived conflict of interest that may influence the research or its interpretation.

For legal and judicial research, relevant conflicts may include professional involvement in litigation, consultancy relationships, institutional affiliations, financial interests, or other relationships with parties or institutions discussed in the manuscript.

Where no conflict exists, authors should provide an appropriate declaration.

15. Funding Statement

Authors must disclose all sources of financial support for the research.

Where applicable, the funding statement should identify:

  • the funding organization;

  • grant or project number, where applicable; and

  • the role of the funder in the research.

If the research received no external funding, authors should state this explicitly.

16. Plagiarism and Similarity Screening

All submitted manuscripts may be screened for plagiarism and inappropriate textual similarity.

ICJR does not determine plagiarism solely on the basis of a similarity percentage.

Similarity results are assessed contextually by the Editorial Board.

Authors remain responsible for ensuring that all quotations, paraphrases, ideas, arguments, legal authorities, and other sources are appropriately attributed.

Substantial plagiarism may result in rejection and, where applicable, further action under the journal's Publication Ethics and Anti-Plagiarism Policies.

17. Artificial Intelligence and Generative AI

Authors may use AI-assisted tools for limited purposes such as language editing, grammar correction, translation assistance, or formatting.

AI systems cannot be listed as authors.

Authors remain fully responsible for all content submitted to the journal.

Authors must independently verify AI-assisted output, particularly:

  • legal citations;

  • judicial decisions;

  • case numbers;

  • quotations;

  • statutes and regulations;

  • references;

  • empirical claims; and

  • factual statements.

AI must not be used to fabricate evidence, sources, quotations, judicial decisions, research findings, or references.

Where AI has been used in a substantive manner, authors must comply with the journal's AI Policy and provide the required disclosure.

18. Double-Blind Peer Review

ICJR uses a double-blind peer review process for Research Articles, Review Articles, and substantive Case and Judicial Decision Analyses.

Authors must therefore submit:

Anonymous Manuscript

The anonymized manuscript should not contain:

  • author names;

  • institutional affiliations;

  • author biographies;

  • acknowledgments that identify the authors;

  • identifiable funding information where it would compromise anonymity; or

  • other information that unnecessarily reveals author identity.

Separate Title Page

Author-identifying information should be provided separately through the journal's submission system.

Authors should also avoid self-identifying statements such as:

“In our previous research...”

where such wording unnecessarily reveals the author's identity.

References to the authors' previous work should instead be written objectively where possible.

19. Submission Requirements

Before submitting a manuscript, authors should ensure that:

  • the manuscript falls within the journal's Focus and Scope;

  • the manuscript is original;

  • the manuscript is not simultaneously submitted elsewhere;

  • all authors have approved the submission;

  • the manuscript has been anonymized for double-blind peer review;

  • the title page contains complete author information;

  • the abstract and keywords are included;

  • citations and references are accurate and consistent;

  • legal authorities and judicial decisions have been verified;

  • plagiarism and inappropriate textual overlap have been addressed;

  • conflicts of interest have been disclosed;

  • funding information has been provided;

  • research ethics requirements have been addressed where applicable;

  • AI use has been disclosed where required;

  • permissions for third-party copyrighted materials have been obtained where necessary; and

  • the manuscript complies with the journal's formatting requirements.

20. Submission Process

Manuscripts should be submitted through the journal's official online submission system.

Authors should upload the required files separately, including where applicable:

  1. Title Page

  2. Anonymized Manuscript

  3. Declaration of Conflict of Interest

  4. Funding Statement

  5. Author Contribution Statement

  6. Ethics Statement, where applicable

  7. AI Disclosure Statement, where applicable

  8. Supplementary Materials, where applicable.

The corresponding author is responsible for ensuring that all submission information is complete and accurate.

21. Editorial Screening

Upon submission, the manuscript will undergo an initial editorial assessment.

The Editor may assess:

  • relevance to the journal's scope;

  • originality;

  • academic significance;

  • methodological adequacy;

  • compliance with submission requirements;

  • plagiarism and similarity concerns;

  • ethical considerations; and

  • overall suitability for peer review.

Manuscripts that do not meet the journal's basic requirements may be rejected before external peer review.

22. Peer Review and Editorial Decision

Manuscripts that pass the initial editorial screening are normally sent to at least two independent reviewers.

Possible editorial decisions include:

  • Accept

  • Minor Revision

  • Major Revision

  • Reject and Resubmit

  • Reject

Reviewer recommendations are advisory. The final decision rests with the Editor or Editorial Board.

23. Revision

Authors receiving a revision decision must submit:

  1. a revised manuscript; and

  2. a detailed response to the reviewers' comments.

The response should identify how each substantive reviewer comment has been addressed.

Where an author disagrees with a reviewer recommendation, the author may explain the disagreement with an appropriate scholarly justification.

A revised manuscript may be returned to the original reviewers.

24. Article Processing Charge

ICJR charges an Article Processing Charge (APC) of IDR 5,000,000 (five million Indonesian rupiah) per accepted article.

No submission fee is charged.

The APC is payable only after the manuscript has received a formal acceptance decision.

Payment of the APC does not guarantee acceptance and has no influence on editorial or peer review decisions.

The APC policy applies to articles published in regular issues and Special Issues unless a specific waiver or discount has been publicly announced.

25. Copyright and Author Rights

Authors retain copyright in their published work.

ICJR does not require authors to transfer or assign copyright to the journal.

The journal receives only the non-exclusive rights necessary to publish, distribute, preserve, index, and disseminate the article.

Authors retain the right to reuse, share, archive, distribute, and otherwise use their work in accordance with applicable copyright and licensing terms.

26. Open Access

ICJR operates under a Gold Open Access model.

All published articles are immediately and freely accessible online without subscription or paywall restrictions.

Where applicable, articles are published under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license.

27. Publication Frequency

ICJR publishes four regular issues each year:

  • February

  • May

  • August

  • November

The journal may additionally publish Special Issues addressing specific themes or emerging areas of scholarly importance.

28. Corrections and Retractions

Authors have a responsibility to notify the Editor if they discover a significant error in their published article.

ICJR may publish corrections, expressions of concern, or retractions where necessary to maintain the integrity of the scholarly record.

Post-publication actions are handled in accordance with the journal's Publication Ethics and Correction and Retraction Policies.

29. Author Checklist

Before final submission, authors should confirm that:

  • The manuscript is original and has not been published elsewhere.

  • The manuscript is not under consideration by another journal.

  • The manuscript falls within ICJR's Focus and Scope.

  • The manuscript follows the required structure and word limit.

  • The manuscript is written in English.

  • The anonymized manuscript contains no unnecessary author-identifying information.

  • A separate title page has been prepared.

  • All authors have approved the final manuscript.

  • Authorship accurately reflects contributions.

  • All legal and scholarly sources are properly cited.

  • Judicial decisions and legal authorities have been verified.

  • The manuscript has been checked for plagiarism and inappropriate similarity.

  • Conflicts of interest have been disclosed.

  • Funding information has been disclosed.

  • Research ethics requirements have been addressed where applicable.

  • AI use has been disclosed where required.

  • Third-party materials have appropriate permissions where necessary.

  • The manuscript is ready for double-blind peer review.

  • The authors understand that the APC of IDR 5,000,000 applies only after acceptance.

30. Contact and Further Information

Authors should consult the journal's official website for the latest information concerning:

  • Focus and Scope;

  • Peer Review Policy;

  • Publication Ethics;

  • Anti-Plagiarism Policy;

  • AI Policy;

  • Copyright and Author Rights;

  • Open Access Policy;

  • Archiving Policy;

  • Article Processing Charges;

  • Correction and Retraction Policy; and

  • Special Issue announcements.

Authors are responsible for ensuring that their submissions comply with the version of the journal's policies in effect at the time of submission.