Political Communication and Local Democracy in Papua: Social Media, Indigenous Identity, and Political Participation

Authors

  • Esther Michelle Caroline Universitas Cendrawasih Author
  • Deborah Nathalie Universitas Cendrawasih Author
  • Matthew Christian Aditya Universitas Cendrawasih Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.65815/ev1h0a70

Keywords:

Papua, Indigenous communities, political communication, social media, democracy

Abstract

Digital communication has created new spaces for political expression among communities in Papua, where questions of Indigenous identity, development, representation, and political rights remain important components of public discourse. This article examines the role of social media in political communication among Indigenous communities in Papua. Using qualitative digital discourse analysis, the study explores political narratives, identity construction, community mobilization, and interactions between local communities and government institutions. The article argues that social media can provide Indigenous communities with alternative channels for communicating political concerns and challenging dominant representations. At the same time, digital communication may intensify polarization when political issues are presented through competing identity-based narratives. The study proposes an Indigenous-centered political communication framework emphasizing community participation, linguistic diversity, contextualized information, and protection of political expression. The article concludes that digital platforms have become increasingly important to democratic participation in Papua but should be understood within the region's distinctive political, cultural, and historical context.

References

Andreas, Rino. 2020. “Politik Identitas Papua dalam Iklan Telkomsel.” Calathu: Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi 2 (1): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.37715/calathu.v2i1.1255.

Gomar, Michael Rooney. 2024. “Analyzing the Influence of Social Media Posts on Government Policy Adoption in Papua City.” Eduvest: Journal of Universal Studies 4 (3): 925–939. https://doi.org/10.59188/eduvest.v4i3.1071.

Jamal, Ode, and Senalince Mara. 2019. “Politik Kewargaan Multikulturalisme: Studi Kasus tentang Peran Majelis Rakyat Papua dalam Memperjuangkan Kepentingan Masyarakat Adat Papua Era Otonomi Khusus.” Jurnal Politik Pemerintahan 2 (2).

Korwa, Rycho. 2013. “Proses Integrasi Irian Barat ke dalam NKRI.” Politico: Jurnal Ilmu Politik 2 (1).

Muksin, Dafrin, Siti Khikmatul Rizqi, and Ahmad Rizali Pawane. 2022. “Political Clientalism in the Regional Head Election (RHE) Noken System in Jayawijaya Regency, Papua Province.” PERSPEKTIF 11 (4): 1250–1259. https://doi.org/10.31289/perspektif.v11i4.6503.

Mulyani, Tri, Albertus Heru Nuswanto, and Sukimin. 2020. “Sistem Noken di Provinsi Papua: Studi Putusan MK No. 47-81/PHPU.A-VII/2009.” Jurnal Ius Constituendum 5 (1). https://doi.org/10.26623/jic.v5i1.2133.

Persada, Achbar Madya, Jayus, and Iwan Rachmad Soetijono. 2020. “Sistem Noken dalam Pemilihan Kepala Daerah di Papua (Studi Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor: 35/Php.Bup-XVI/2018).” Interdisciplinary Journal on Law, Social Sciences and Humanities 1 (2). https://doi.org/10.19184/ijl.v1i2.22179. Idj Jurnal

Pranata, Firman Widya, Arry Bainus, and Ari Ganjar Herdiansah. 2022. “Propaganda Aliansi Mahasiswa Papua (AMP) melalui Media Sosial pada Kerusuhan Demonstrasi Anti Rasis Tahun 2019.” Aliansi: Jurnal Politik, Keamanan dan Hubungan Internasional 1 (2).

Prasetyo, Adi, and Made Warka. 2023. “Tindakan Pemutusan Akses Internet oleh Pemerintah dalam Perspektif Negara Hukum yang Demokratis.” Yustisi 10 (2). https://doi.org/10.32832/yustisi.v10i2.14733.

Putra, Imam Radianto Anwar Setia, William Socrates Kasimat, and Purwadi. 2020. “Partisipasi Politik Masyarakat dalam Agenda Pemilihan Gubernur Papua Tahun 2018.” Jurnal Bina Praja 12: 113–123. https://doi.org/10.21787/jbp.12.2020.113-123.

Ronsumbre, Nelwan, and Dede Sri Kartini. 2020. “Perwakilan Masyarakat Adat di Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Papua: Dinamika dan Relevansi Pembentukan dengan Penguatan Demokrasi Deliberatif.” Moderat: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Pemerintahan 6 (2). https://doi.org/10.25157/moderat.v6i2.3400.

Ronsumbre, Nelwan, Nandang Alamsah Deliarnoor, and Rahman Mulyawan. 2020. “Eksistensi dan Kinerja Legislatif dari Unsur Perwakilan Wilayah Adat dalam Perspektif Demokrasi Deliberatif di Papua.” Moderat: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Pemerintahan 6 (1).

Ronsumbre, Nelwan. 2019. “Sistem Noken Papua: Manifestasi Demokrasi Berbasis Kearifan Lokal.” Sospol: Jurnal Sosial Politik 5 (2): 261–276. https://doi.org/10.22219/sospol.v5i2.7388.

Samad, M. Yusuf, and Richardus Eko Indrajit. 2022. “The Implementation of a Social Media Analytics Tool ‘Social Bearing’ to Comprehend Foreign Propaganda Related to Papuan Separatist Issues.” Jurnal Pertahanan 8 (1).

Sinaga, Melpayanty, and Yakobus Murafer. 2020. “Analisa Partisipasi Politik Masyarakat pada Pemilihan Umum 2019 di Distrik Muara Tami Perbatasan RI-PNG.” Jurnal Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Papua.

Sinurat, Sunggul, and Akbar Silo. 2022. “Implementasi Kebijakan Kampanye melalui Media Sosial pada Pemilihan Umum Kepala Daerah Kabupaten Jayapura Tahun 2017.” Jurnal Kebijakan Publik 6 (1). https://doi.org/10.31957/jkp.v6i1.2795.

Soponyono, S. 2022. “Implementasi Kebijakan Pemilihan Kepala Daerah dengan Sistem Noken di Papua.” Jurnal Ekologi Birokrasi 10 (1): 1–10. https://doi.org/10.31957/jeb.v10i1.2205.

Suryawan, I Ngurah. 2011. “‘Komin Tipu Komin’: Elit Lokal dalam Dinamika Otonomi Khusus dan Pemekaran Daerah di Papua.” Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik. https://doi.org/10.22146/jsp.11390.

Sutan, Arissy Jorgi, and Titin Purwaningsih. 2022. “Using Social Media to Support the Special Autonomous Region of Papua's Continuity Program.” Journal of Governance.

Sutomo, Muhammad, Ahmad G. Dohamid, and Fauzia Gustarina Cempaka Timur. 2022. “Strategi Pemerintah Indonesia dalam Menghadapi Pembingkaian Informasi Isu Papua Tahun 2021.” Nusantara: Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial 9 (6): 2149–2158. https://doi.org/10.31604/jips.v9i6.2022.2149-2158.

Syaifuddin, Efa Rubawati, Aliza Nur Fitria Munajad, and Meilina Puspita Sari. 2024. “Persepsi Generasi Milenial Kota Sorong terhadap Isu Politisasi Agama di Media Sosial.” Jurnal Media dan Komunikasi 5 (1): 98–109. https://doi.org/10.20473/medkom.v5i1.64325.

Tanda, DK Nena, and Margaretha Hanita. 2022. “Analisis Pengambilan Kebijakan Perlambatan Internet pada Konflik Papua Tahun 2019.” Syntax Literate: Jurnal Ilmiah Indonesia 7 (4).

Utami, Nofi Sri, Suratman, and Arief Budiono. 2020. “Upaya Pembangunan Pendidikan Politik melalui Pemilihan bagi Masyarakat Papua: Studi Penerapan Penggunaan Noken dalam Pemilihan Kepala Daerah.” Media Keadilan: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 11 (2).

Yunus, Ahsan, and Andi Muhammad Aswin Anas. 2021. “Implementasi Kebijakan Afirmatif Action terhadap Pemenuhan Hak Politik Masyarakat Adat.” Papua Law Journal 5 (2). https://doi.org/10.31957/plj.v5i2.2397.

Downloads

Published

2026-04-15

Issue

Section

Articles

How to Cite

Political Communication and Local Democracy in Papua: Social Media, Indigenous Identity, and Political Participation. (2026). Indonesian Discourse on Communication, Democracy, and Political Movements, 3(2), 139-160. https://doi.org/10.65815/ev1h0a70