Health Justice for Migrants and Refugees: Addressing Healthcare Disparities in Indonesia’s Healthcare System

Abstract

Migrants and refugees in Indonesia face significant health disparities due to systemic barriers in the healthcare system, including legal, financial, and cultural obstacles. This study explores the healthcare challenges faced by migrant and refugee populations, focusing on access to care, legal recognition, and integration into the national health system. Using a mixed-methods approach, including interviews with migrants, healthcare providers, and policy experts, the research identifies key barriers such as exclusion from Indonesia’s Universal Health Coverage (UHC) program, language barriers, and discrimination within healthcare settings. Findings show that while some migrant groups are eligible for basic health services, the lack of clear policy and inconsistent enforcement result in uneven access to care. Refugees, in particular, face legal barriers that limit their ability to obtain health insurance or access medical services. The study argues for the need to expand the inclusivity of UHC to cover all migrants and refugees, improve legal frameworks that ensure healthcare rights, and promote cultural competence among healthcare providers. The paper concludes with policy recommendations aimed at creating a more inclusive healthcare system that guarantees health justice for migrants and refugees in Indonesia.