Islamic Teachings on Social Justice: A Theological Analysis of Indonesia’s Poverty Alleviation Programs

Abstract

Islamic teachings on social justice have long emphasized the ethical responsibility of individuals and communities to address poverty, inequality, and economic hardship. This paper explores how Islamic principles of social justice inform Indonesia’s poverty alleviation programs and policies. The research examines key Islamic concepts such as zakat (charitable giving), sadaqah (voluntary charity), and the duty to care for the poor (fakhr and masakin), analyzing their practical applications in Indonesia’s social welfare system. The study evaluates the role of Islamic organizations, including pesantren (Islamic boarding schools) and NGOs, in poverty alleviation efforts, focusing on their strategies to empower the poor and promote economic equity. It also considers the impact of Indonesia’s national Islamic-based welfare programs, such as the Family Hope Program (PKH), which draws on Islamic principles of social solidarity. The paper argues that while these Islamic teachings have contributed to poverty reduction and social welfare, challenges remain in scaling these programs to meet the needs of Indonesia’s growing population. Recommendations include expanding Islamic-based social programs, enhancing collaboration between religious institutions and government agencies, and fostering greater awareness of Islamic teachings on social justice among the public.