Economic Inequality and the Role of Education in Achieving Economic Justice in Indonesia

Abstract

This paper explores the role of education in addressing economic inequality and promoting economic justice in Indonesia. While the country has made significant strides in expanding access to education, disparities in educational outcomes remain a major barrier to achieving social and economic equity. The study critically examines how the education system contributes to or mitigates economic inequality, particularly for marginalized groups such as low-income families, rural populations, and ethnic minorities. It analyzes key policies such as the School Operational Assistance (BOS) program, free education initiatives, and vocational training programs, assessing their effectiveness in improving access to quality education and bridging the inequality gap. Additionally, the paper investigates the role of higher education and skill development in facilitating social mobility, with a focus on the challenges faced by students from disadvantaged backgrounds in accessing quality education and job opportunities. Through a combination of quantitative analysis and case studies, the paper evaluates how educational inequities affect long-term economic outcomes and the prospects for achieving economic justice. The findings suggest that while education is a key driver of economic mobility, systemic issues such as unequal access to resources, regional disparities, and the quality of education continue to perpetuate inequality. The paper concludes by recommending targeted reforms in education policy, including increased funding for underfunded schools, curriculum reforms that address local needs, and greater investment in vocational training to enhance employability.