The Role of Political Parties in Perpetuating or Preventing Corruption in Indonesia

Abstract

Political parties are key actors in shaping corruption dynamics within democratic systems. This paper examines the dual role of Indonesian political parties in both perpetuating and combating corruption. Drawing on party manifestos, internal governance structures, and corruption case studies involving party officials, the study assesses how parties’ organizational cultures, funding mechanisms, and accountability measures influence their contribution to corruption risks or reform efforts. Findings suggest that many parties engage in corrupt practices, including vote-buying and patronage, driven by weak internal controls and competitive pressures. However, some parties have also emerged as advocates for transparency and good governance, promoting reform agendas and cooperating with anti-corruption agencies. The study highlights the ambivalence of political parties as both enablers and potential agents of anti-corruption reform. This nuanced understanding enriches international scholarship by demonstrating the complexities of party politics in corruption dynamics and suggesting avenues for strengthening party institutionalization and ethical norms in Indonesia and similar contexts.